The Impact of ASEAN Free Trade Agreement on Malaysian Automotive Dissertation

The allude of ASEAN Free Trade Agreement on Malayan Automotive Industry - Dissertation Exampleverview of Research Methods 3 1.6 Research Significance 4 1.7 Dissertation 4 1.8 Summary 5 Chapter 2 publications Review 6 2.1 Introduction 6 2.2 Overview of Malaysian Automotive Industry 6 2.3 ASEAN Free Trade rural area 9 2.4 Malaysian Governments Reaction to AFTA 10 2.5 Impact of AFTA on Industry 13 Chapter 3 Research Methodology 18 3.1 Introduction 18 3.2 Research Approach 18 3.3 Research Methods 19 3.4 Research Design 20 3.4.1 Sample 20 3.4.2 Data Collection Method 21 3.4.3 Data Collection Instrument 22 3.4.4 Data compendium 22 3.5 Ethical Considerations 23 3.6 Summary 23 Chapter 4 Findings and Results 24 4.1 Introduction 24 4.2 Section A Findings from the Customer Interviews 24 4.2.1 Customers Perception of Impact of AFTA 24 4.2.2 Customers Perception of the fate of PROTON and PERDUA with AFTA 25 4.2.3 Perception of Governments Policies 27 4.2.4 Customers Preference Imported vs. I ndigenous 27 4.2.5 Customers Perception of Problems as a direct extend of AFTA 28 4.2.6 Customers Perception of Advantages of AFTA 29 4.2.7 Customers Perception of the Problems Related to Increase in Traffic Post AFTA.29 4.2.8 Customers Perception of Public Transport 30 4.2.9 Customers Perception of exchange Indigenous Cars to buy Imported Cars 30 4.2.10 Customers Perception of Need to Support Local Manufacturers 30 4.2.11 Customers Opinion of Changes that PROTON and PERODUA should undergo to meet the challenges of AFTA 31 4.3 Section B Financial Analysis of PROTON and PERODUA 31 4.3.1 Ratio Analysis - PROTON HOLDINGS BHD 31 4.3.2 Ratio Analysis - DAIHATSU 35 Chapter 5 Discussion and Analysis 39 5.1 Introduction 39 5.2 Malaysian Governments Approach to Combat impacts of AFTA 39 5.3 Perception of Malaysian consumers on Policies of Malaysian Government 43...The industry has shown a 20% festering in output in 2010 and appears to be heading towards an era of continuous growth in the future (Dinne et al, 2010). While Malaysia started as a country where external brands of cars were initially assembled, the progressive policies of the government have now made the country a manufacturer of world class vehicles. Perusahaan AutomobilNasional (PROTON) and Perusahaan OtomobilKeduaSdn. Bhd (PERODUA) now produce automobiles that dominate the Malaysian market. This has been made possible by enacting a series of protectionist policies like the requirement of local content, local labour, local partnership on the foreign companies that wanted to light their assembly plants in Malaysia. In addition, the government has proactively invested time and resources in boosting the two national automotive organizations - PROTON and PERODUA. As a result of the governmental policies, PROTON and PERODUA sell 90% of all domestic requirements while the two companies also export a large number of units worldwide (Business-in-Asia.com (n.d). However, with the implementation of Asian Free Tr ade Area (AFTA) in the year 2005, the Malaysian automotive industry faced new challenges from neighbouring countries like Thailand and China, in terms of the quality and pricing and availability of imported cars in the market (Gabilaia, 2001).

Recommend the ideal country in Latin America where Intel should open Assignment

Recommend the ideal country in Latin America where Intel should open its manufacturing plant, ground on the evidence in the end study - Assignment ExampleHowever, as only one country needs to be chosen, Intel should consider the benefits and risks associated with manufacturing and operating(a) in either of these countries.It should be noted that Intels main concern in opening a microprocessor manufacturing plant in Latin America is to strengthen its present in the global market. The rationale of choosing a Latin American country is to distribute risk as it already has a number of production plants in Asia. Also, the preference of a Latin American country is its proximity in the US where the microprocessors allow be shipped. Most importantly, Intel is also aware of the more concentrated rivalry between players in the global market which significantly drives down the price of microprocessors. The company is really concerned with finding a possible stylus of reducing the cost of production in order to offer the final products at a more competitive rate.Aside from these considerations which were directly mentioned by Intel, the case also developed the idea that the company prefers a country where its expatriate employees who will be in operation and supervision of the manufacturing plant during the start-up stage will be comfortable in the selected site. Also, Intel also explicitly stated its preference for a deal which is done in a transparent and legal way. Intel potently opposes special deals or special incentives as it will post problems for the company in the future.4.0 AlternativesAs stated above, four countries which include Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica and Mexcico were short listed as the preferred locations. The appendix summarized the result of the research and on-site visit of the site selection team. In terms of workforce availability, all the countries under consideration get together Intels requirements except Costa Rica which still needs furthe r training. It should be noted however, that labor cost in Chile is relatively higher. Costa Rica is the best woof in terms of labor unions and regulations as all the other countries mentioned are significantly unionized. Infrastructure and transportation are excellent and impressive in Chile, Brazil, and Mexico. though Costa Ricas land transportation is fine, regular flights which are imperative in Intels operations are lacking. Electricity is cheapest in Mexico at $0.02. As Costa Rica is very much eager to capture huge foreign investments, the government provides various exemptions in terms of tax holidays and discounts. All the other countries are hesitant in giving investment incentives. Expatriates are seen to be better off in Costa Rica and Mexico. Operating in Brazil will require huge taxes composition the distance from US and Chile is a concern.5.0 RecommendationBased on the discussion above, this report recommends that Intel locate its microprocessor manufacturing plant i n Costa Rica. This decision is found on the fact that the country has a stable political environment, low level of corruption, attractive investment incentives, and a government which is willing to comply with Intels requireme

Operations Mnagement Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

operations Mnagement - Case Study ExampleThe need for operations managers to reduce manufacturing costs, optimize productivity and improve product quality in effectuate to stay in the market has become imperative. Many organizations now recognize the importance of automation, optimization of scheduling and a proper inventory management system, and be incorporating total quality management and total quality in their operations.Today, the ordinary customer has become more sophisticated and demanding, and expects more variety, lower costs and discontinue quality. Customers therefore drive demand and the indus smack has to meet this demand. Inter-firm rivalry and competition beget also increased manifold. In line with these changes, organizations are replacing production-driven systems involving sens production, by market-driven systems to enable them to corner market share. This scenario has increased the importance of operations management in an organization, as it is directly res ponsible for the final product. As a result, operations management is gaining more significance and has become a key discipline in management science. Until recently, the field of operations of management was considered relevant all to the manufacturing sector. But with the increasing influence of service industries, the scope of operations management has widened. ... ControllingDirectingCoordinatingThe following are the activities carried out by the Operations Manager.1. PlanningPlan product and service mixLocation and capacity planningDecide upon production methods to use for each item.Plan procurement of equipment.2. Organizing centralize or decentralize operations.Decide upon functions, products, or hybrid organization structure. move over work center assignments.Assign responsibility for every activity.3. ControllingEncourage self-respect in performing as expected.Compare costs to budget.Compare actual labor hours to standards.Inspect the quality levels.4. DirectingEstablish provisions of union contracts.Establish personnel policies.Establish employment contracts.Issue job assignments and instructions.5. CoordinatingCoordinate through use of common forecasts and master schedules.Observe actual performance and cheer needed improvement.Report, inform and communicate.Respond to customer inquiries about status of orders. ICMR, 2003In order to succeed in all the above activities, an operations manager should have both technical and behavioral skills.Budget Airlines - What are theyThere has been a revolutionary increase in the number of low-cost airline which are otherwise called the budget airlines in the aviation industry over the last few years. The budget airlines are usually operators who provide low-cost travel options for the passengers. The budget airlines try and cut the indirect costs to the maximum possible extent. Passengers are non offered wet towels, meals etc. Sometimes it may even happen that they do not even offer water to the passengers flying the budget airlines. (Phillip), 2002Scheduled airlines are regular airlines that offer considerably high-cost air

Global Health Strategies and Diversity Awareness Research Paper

Global Health Strategies and Diversity Awareness - Research Paper idealIn the rest of this paper, I will reflect on the experience using the Bold and Johns model that was provided in class. Stage 1 Return to the Experience In reflecting on the experience, I understood that the eight goals that are provided are easy for anyone to imagine. According to Beck (2011), the goals are as follows That poverty and longing is eliminated so that everyone has plenty of food to meet their needs and has a job that pays well and works well for them. That all children fetch the opportunity to learn and admit all over the world. That women and girls are allowed to bring forward all they can in the world. That people experience vibrant health and everyone can afford to have healthcare. That mother and their babies have clean environments in which to have their babies no matter where they are in the world. That people suffering from diseases like Malaria, HIV/AIDS and terbium are free of these dis eases across the world. That people become more concerned with the environment and begin to take more responsibility for how they individually work with the environment. ... This was a breath-taking speech to me because it showed that one person could do many things in the world by just focusing their attention on these things. I have in person done this in my own life and found that it is rewarding so I could see how focusing around the world on these eight issues could bring well-nigh a better world. I decided that I wanted to learn more about the experience. Stage 2 Attend to Feelings At first, I felt that Beck had a good idea, but I did not understand how this could actually be helpful. I decided to look for more information about her and her work. In an article by Beck, Dossey and Kines (2007) a broader explanation of what Beck is attempting to accomplish was revealed. I learned that Beck is attempting to look at the work of Florence Nightingale in nursing. The authors pointed out that thither were several countries around the word that see Nightingales work as something to be revered. Beck and Dossey decided that there needed a global reasonableness of what Nightingale had done and how nurses today could continue what Nightingale started. I was able to develop very good feelings about this project and I felt that I wanted to be a part of it by taking her pledge. I cannot say that I have experience in anything like this, but I can say that it is a good idea. I did not have negative feelings at all when thinking about this because it is a very wide concept. I think that nurses must strive to be the best they can and to help their patients in any way possible. I think that this idea is a good idea because many times, the nurses are holding the example of perfect health for the people they are helping. If one can visualize this on a greater basis, we could possibly heal the

International trade Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

International trade - Essay ExampleChina is fast approaching the value of the United States in terms of exports and is an important last for imports. India and the Asean countries have also shown export growth in these years. Indias export growth is fast growing that is already similar to China. In the same way, Asean countries capture action to Chinas competition as its merchandise exports particularly in manufacturing grew by 18% in 2006. Likewise, Europeans growth is inspire by the rising business and consumer confidence. European Union is the second world biggest exporter and importer of goods and services. Second, the strong economy is boosted by demand for commodities needed for industrial manufacturing and infrastructure development, much(prenominal) as metals and oils and is highest in 2007 that displayed the highest price movement (Chart 4) Chart 4 Export prices of selected primary products, 2005-2007 Annual % change a Comprising coffee, cocoa beans and tea. Source IMF, International fiscal Statistics. Source World Trade Organization, 2008 Third, the strong regional developments have been accompanied by strong growths in merchandise trade as Table 1 would show. The strong economy of the emerging countries is accompanied by strong exports and imports. Fourth, export growth receives continued support from the world economy. As table 1 on a lower floor shows, the combined merchandise exports of major economies integrate into the strong export growth of the world of 6.5% in 2005, 8.5% in 2006 followed by a decline of 5.5% in 2007. In 2007, effect of recession is starting to appear as trading slows down in most of the countries, with exception of the emerging economies that displayed its strength beyond crisis. We have seen China, Asia and India emerged as strong exporters. Table 1 GDP and merchandise trade by region, 2005-07 Annual % change at constant prices GDP Exports Imports 2005 2006 2007 2005 2006 2007 2005 2006 2007 World 3.3 3.7 3.4 6.5 8.5 5 .5 6.5 8.0 5.5 North the States 3.1 3.0 2.3 6.0 8.5 5.5 6.5 6.0 2.5 United States 3.1 2.9 2.2 7.0 10.5 7.0 5.5 5.5 1.0 South and Central America a 5.6 6.0 6.3 8.0 4.0 5.0 14.0 15.0 20.0 Europe 1.9 2.9 2.8 4.0 7.5 3.5 4.5 7.5 3.5 European Union (27) 1.8 3.0 2.7 4.5 7.5 3.0 4.0 7.0 3.0 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 6.7 7.5 8.4 3.5 6.0 6.0 18.0 21.5 18.0 Africa and Middle East 5.6 5.5 5.5 4.5 1.5 0.5 14.5 6.5 12.5 Asia 4.2 4.7 4.7 11.0 13.0 11.5 8.0 8.5 8.5 China 10.4 11.1 11.4 25.0 22.0 19.5 11.5 16.5 13.5 Japan b 1.9 2.4 2.1 5.0 10.0 9.0 2.5 2.5 1.0 India 9.0 9.7 9.1 21.5 11.0 10.5 28.5 9.5 13.0 Newly industrialized economies (4) c 4.9 5.5 5.6 8.0 12.5 8.5 5.0 8.5 7.0 a Includes the Caribbean. b Trade volume data are derived from customs values deflated by standard unit values and an adjusted price index for electronic goods. c Hong Kong, China Republic of Korea Singapore and Chinese Taipei. Source WTO Secretariat. 1.2 Distinction between tariff and quota and wherefore t ariffs are preferable to quotas (i.e. quantitative restrictions) as a method of controlling imports Tariff and

Genius, the figure of the artist (Art History) (comparative textual Essay

Genius, the figure of the artist (Art History) (comparative textual analysis, 1st yr undergraduate) - Essay ExampleThis paper will discuss the differences of two artists their whole kit and boodle and their quarrel for their works. It will decipher the reality of their art as well as the messages conveyed whether or non the word reflect the art or just a pigment of their imagination. It will be focused on Latin Americans Federico Uribe and Doris Salcedo, both 20th century sculptures. describe and discuss the differences regarding the figure of the artist in to each one case Doris Salcedo An artist is usually defined and remembered for their impact as well as their influences that usually will be associated with them counterbalance when they deny it. Doris Salcedo, however, emphasized the liberty of the art work (Merewether, 1180). She defined the art work further as an imposition by a reality such as the Colombian polite war, and that even the artist claimed to have been un-abl e to choose the themes that inform (1181). Salcedo added that The oft-celebrated freedom of the artist is a myth, (Merewether, 1181). For Salcedo, the artists is like an instrument, and in her case, referred to Lithuanian philosopher Emmanuel Levinas who had to respond to the urgency of its assignment and even the artists cannot make up for macrocosm tardy. Salcedo added, I am not the one who chooses my themes are given to me, reality is given to me, the presence of each victim imposes itself, (quoted by Merewether, 1181). In Unland featuring tables, the familiar becomes strange as another part of a table overlaps the other, like a fallen bridge, that needs to be fixed in order to get to the other end. Salcedo explained that Unland is about tragic heroes or victims of violence who had to endure and that in enduring, they will need to shut themselves up, be mute and unfathomed as in Franz Rosenzweigs The Star Redemption (Merewether, 1181). In the image or art work, a message is con veyed but only through conquer where the viewer can contemplate what is being communicated, the experience of the victim as something present a reality that resounds within the silence of each human being that gazes upon it, (Merewether, 1181). Here, Salcedo concluded that the work of art preserves life and that it allows another connection and interaction between two people who have different realities (Merewether, 1882). Federico Uribe Federico Uribes works provides an interesting mix of color, texture, common disposable objects and curiosity. His is identifiable and unique in a way that he will be remembered once his art was known. nonpareil does not need to extract any explanation or description of his work to classify his work as art. An artist, as described by Pressley, transcends time, and is not to copy servilely, reproducing common temper as in a Dutch still life in all its mechanical facility, but was to strive for nature perfected, le belle nature, which distilled an ideal beauty based on general principles. This high-minded art had the ethical purpose of inculcating virtue and the artist increasingly needed to adjudge against the pitfalls of a commercialized culture that would have pictures cater to private passions (15). Uribe described his initiation as an artist to be a very painful butt on of self-knowledge as it was clear what he did not want and that his evolution as an artist was sort of a reaction to this denial. Interestingly, Uribe described his works as interplay of words, up to now the process of working was slow, tedious and

Compare the presentation of love within the three sonnets studied Essay Example for Free

Compare the presentation of pick out within the three praises studied EssayThe three praises that I studied were, How do I crawl in thee? by Elizabeth Barret-Browning, Let me not to the marriage of true minds by William Shakespeare and Since theres no help let us flatter and part by Michael Drayton. Of these three there are numerous differences and similarities. It is cognize that at the time of writing her sonnet, Elizabeth Barret-Browning was happily married to Robert Browning, but without the consent of her father. They locomote to Italy where she began to use the Petrachan form of sonnet. At the time when William Shakespeare wrote he was known to view as already established himself as an actor and playwright and was working for the leading company, the Lords Chamberlains Men. In Draytons sonnet we see that he was a contemporary of Shakespeare, this poem comes from a long sequence of sonnets called Ideas Mirror. These sonnets were all inspired by his unrequited sock for Anne Goodere, although he himself never married. As with Shakespeare his use of personification is extremely trenchant. Although their styles differ all three poets are speaking of their love for another person.Elizabeth Barret-Browning writes to her husband and as a women writing, it is written in a t culminationer and soft t iodin. Her language and style used is incredibly dramatic. To begin with Browning presents her love to her husband in a very private and loving way. She uses language and manifestations like I love thee to the depth and breadth and height My soul asshole reach, Browning writes from a female person point of view and wants to process a commitment to her husband. The ideas of love in the three sonnets differ, as Draytons love is unrequited and he is not writing in a reality, he has no one to write to.With Browning we know that she is writing to her husband and making a dedication to him. She writes in a undecomposed yet, immensely loving form, we can tel l from reading her sonnet that her husband is her life and the love she feels for him is described as endless. We see that Shakespeare writes in an incredibly cocksure manner, he is not writing to a person, as much(prenominal), so his style differs from that of Browning or Drayton. Shakespeares sonnet is an explanation of love, he writes in his opinion and of how love can conquer all. As we know that Browning is a woman, her style and tenderness differs terribly from that of Drayton and Shakespeare.Draytons intention in his sonnet is to try and win everywhere his idol of love, Anne Goodere. His efforts are useless and in his sonnet he says he wished to make himself free, so we can see that he does not enjoy the love he feels for Anne and wishes to be free of it. The name of his sonnet being, Since theres no help, come let us kiss and part. Meaning since they can no longer put up each other, let us have one kiss and part each others company. He does achieve what hes trying to do , as when reading this I actually understood how he snarl, he was trying to depart from this love.Drayton goes onto say And I am glad, yea, glad with all my heart, That thus so cleanly I myself can free. He means that now, later this kiss, he is glad, extremely glad that he can get over the possessive love he once felt for her. We can clearly see that Brownings intentions are to make it perfectly clear to her husband and tell him exactly how she feels about him. She achieves this brilliantly and by her use of such outrageous, yet hooking lines, detailed with words and phrases such as, finis, she produces her amazing sonnet -and, if God choose, I shall but love thee better after death. She talks of her after life and hopes that she will be allowed to spend it with him. Shakespeare intends to convince and tell every one of his thoughts on love, he is so confident that he is correct and that everyone will agree with him that he ends his sonnet with the rhyming couplet If this be error and upon me provd, I never writ, nor no man ever lovd. Thus showing that if this sonnet is wrong and proved to be then he never writ it and noone ever loved. This can also be interpreted as Shakespeare being cocky, he is quite sure of himself and the accuracy of his sonnet that he is willing to make an extreme statement.The general stones throw of Brownings sonnet is a heart felt, true expression of her love for her husband, she counts the numerous ways of how she feels and lines such as With my lost saints, I love thee with the breath, Smiles, tears, of all my life Showing that she loves him with the most powerful savours of all she has go through in her life, her tears and smiles and the breaths she take each day. This differs from Shakespeare as he has a general confident manner and is stating the feelings and meanings of love. He uses personification in the lines Loves not generation fool, though rosy lips and cheeksWithin his bending sickles compass come Love alter s not with his brief hours and weeks, But bears it out even to the edge of doom. Meaning that love is not timed, it has no schedule of when to begin and cease, but reaches until the end, when death occurs. Love does not change over hours and weeks it stays constant until the brink of Judgement Day, death is it only let out. He shows how love, if true, will stay with the lovers until death. Compared to Brownings and Shakespeares general tone, Drayton does not use the powerful and heart felt tone that Browning does, neither does he state a general meaning for love, as with Shakespeare.He seems to tell a story, or rather a tale, which he longs to happen between him and the one he loves, his love is not returned. He knows this and so at the end of his sonnet he uses the rhyming couplet Now if thou wouldst, when all have given him over. From death to life thou mightst him yet recover. This tells us that Drayton is willing to wait for his love, saying that if they ever change their mind , eh will be there hold for them. He uses the form of a dramatic monologue and therefore does achieve a passionate sonnet. Shakespeare uses the rhyming form of abab cdcd efef gg.This enhances his poem and the rhyming couplet at the end of the sonnet changes the tone right at the end. This is effective and can give a totally different meaning. This structure gives his sonnet a hang up and the language used works perfectly. We can see that his presentation of love and the way it is structured means that Shakespeare is an extremely experienced poet and writer. Browning uses Petrachan form in her sonnet and gives it the rhyming form of abbaabba cdcdcd, this is also known as an eight line section, known as the octave, followed by a six line section, known as the sestet.There is also a break in the thought and tone of the sonnet between these two parts. With Drayton his structure shows us that he was or so at the same time as Shakespeare and uses the same rhyming scheme and couplet to finish. This again proves to be very effective and leaves the extra statement of the end to seal the sonnet to his love. All three of the sonnets are extremely original and all excellent. However, Browning seems to use the most powerful structure, source and form as it is written purely from her heart.All three sonnets flow very exceedingly well and have a good structure behind them. In affinity to Shakespeare, Brownings use of structure is the most varied. It lends itself well to her meaning and rhyming such lines as I love thee to the depth and bredth and height My soul can reach, when feeling out of sight Just increases the exaggeration of the rhyme, the meaning is therefore exerted and we find ourselves wanting to reach on. Shakespeare use of rhyme in alternate lines is also effective and lends itself well to his language and style used.The words fixed and wandring are designed specially for this sonnet, as there must be ten syllables and 5 stresses in a Shakespearian sonnet. S hakespeares use of language does not differ very much from Drayton as they were written around a particular period. Although in Draytons sonnet he is infact public lecture of getting rid of love and how he will feel after it has gone, he seems to want to be relieved of the feelin, Shakespeare however is talking of how great love is and how it does not alter.In comparison Brownings sonnet is the most different out of all three in her presentation of love. Her compassionate tone and kindhearted comments rule over he sonnet and seem to guide her to all correct places of describing. The effectiveness that Shakespeare, Browning and Drayton all have is one to make us all want to experience love. The three very different sonnets are similar in their presentation of love, as they all enjoy it, unconnected from Drayton who now wants to be free of the hold it has on him. But as we can learn from Shakespeare, Drayton may find it hard to do so.